Orthopedic
In humans, orthopedic physical therapists diagnose and treat disorders and injuries of the musculoskeletal system as well as rehabilitate patients after orthopedic surgery. This specialty of physical therapy is often found in the out-patient clinical setting. Orthopedic therapists receive specialized training in the treatment of post operative joints, acute sports injuries, arthritis, and amputations just to name a few. Joint mobilizations, strength training, hot/cold packs, and electrical stimulation are modalities often used to expedite recovery in the orthopedic setting. Those who have suffered injury or disease affecting the muscles, bones, ligaments, or tendons of the body will benefit from assessment by a physical therapist specialized in orthopedics.
With dogs, certified canine rehabilitation practitioners perform very similar activities and provide like-kind treatments for disorders and injuries of the musculoskeletal system and post orthopedic surgeries.
Geriatric
Read about geriatic on its dedicated page >>
Neurological
Neurological physical therapy in people addresses neurological disorders or diseases. These include but are not limited to brain injury, spinal cord injury, and stroke. Outcomes of neurological disorders can include paralysis, vision impairment, poor balance, and inability to ambulate. A therapist may work with individuals to treat these areas of dysfunction.